A receiver in your phone picks up signals from a network of satellites. By measuring how long these signals take to arrive from at least four different satellites, your phone can triangulate its exact 3D position.
Your phone uses a combination of several technologies to determine its position: mobile phone location
Phones can detect the unique IDs of nearby Wi-Fi networks. Databases of these known Wi-Fi locations help your phone figure out where it is, even when you aren't connected to them. A receiver in your phone picks up signals
Short-range Bluetooth beacons and internal sensors like the compass and accelerometer help refine your position, especially indoors. Managing Your Privacy How to turn on location tracking on Android phone mobile phone location