Analgesia, Activity, Adverse effects, Affect, and Aberrant behaviors [24, 30].
Pain, Pallor, Pulse, Paresthesia, and Paralysis (specifically for identifying compartment syndrome ) [41]. Managing Pain and Aberrant behaviors [24
Effective treatment is often multifaceted , moving beyond just medication [25, 27]: moving beyond just medication [25
Persistent pain lasting more than three months [11]. It can be driven by long-term conditions like fibromyalgia or nerve damage (neuropathic pain) and often has a significant cognitive and emotional impact [4, 11]. and Aberrant behaviors [24
Nerve fibers relay these signals to the spinal cord and then to the brain's thalamus [5, 39].